Sonnet 43

When the speaker sleeps, his eyes see the beloved more truly than waking sight allows, finding in dreams a brightness that daylight cannot offer.

Original
Modern
1 When most I wink then do mine eyes best see,
When I sleep most deeply, then my eyes see best,
2 For all the day they view things unrespected,
For all day they gaze upon things unworthy of notice,
3 But when I sleep, in dreams they look on thee,
But when I sleep, in dreams they look upon you,
4 And darkly bright, are bright in dark directed.
And dark with brightness, they shine bright in the darkness,
A paradox: the darkness becomes bright through the beloved's presence; the oxymoron 'darkly bright' captures dream-vision's supernatural clarity.
5 Then thou whose shadow shadows doth make bright
Then you, whose phantom image makes shadows luminous,
Another paradox: the beloved's shadow (dream-image) makes literal shadows bright—transcending the logic of light and dark.
6 How would thy shadow’s form, form happy show,
How would your shadowed form show forth such brightness,
The beloved's dream-form would manifest happiness; 'form' appears twice, emphasizing the paradox of substance and shadow.
7 To the clear day with thy much clearer light,
To daylight itself, with your far clearer radiance,
8 When to unseeing eyes thy shade shines so!
When to blind waking eyes your dream-shadow glows so!
The paradox peaks: even 'unseeing' waking eyes perceive the beloved's dream-shade as radiant.
Volta The volta shifts from describing the paradox of dream-vision to asking the impossible question: what if waking sight could match the clarity of dream?
9 How would (I say) mine eyes be blessed made,
How (I ask) would my eyes be made blessed,
10 By looking on thee in the living day,
By seeing you in the light of day,
11 When in dead night thy fair imperfect shade,
When in deep night your beautiful, imperfect phantom,
'Imperfect shade' admits the dream is flawed, yet paradoxically precious—the only access to the beloved.
12 Through heavy sleep on sightless eyes doth stay!
Through heavy sleep rests upon my blinded eyes!
13 All days are nights to see till I see thee,
The emotional centre of the absence sequence
All days are darkness to me until I see you,
The couplet resolves the paradox: day/night lose meaning in the absence of the beloved.
14 And nights bright days when dreams do show thee me.
And nights become bright days when dreams reveal you to me.
The Logic of Dream-Vision in Absence

Sonnet 43 inverts Renaissance philosophy: rational waking sight fails to perceive truth, while dream-sleep paradoxically clarifies it. The beloved becomes most 'present' in absence, most bright in darkness. This inversion justifies the entire absence-sonnet cycle—longing is not a failure of love but its truest expression. The beloved's shadow outshines waking reality because it belongs to a realm beyond physical law.

The Optical Paradox: Light and Darkness

Shakespeare piles paradox upon paradox: 'darkly bright,' 'shadow shadows,' 'sightless eyes.' These oxymorons are not merely decorative but structural—they articulate how absence works. The dream-beloved, being immaterial, escapes the logic of light and shadow. What should be dim (a shadow, sleep) becomes radiant; what should be clear (waking sight) becomes blind. Beloved and beloved's image collapse into a single luminous presence.

If this happened today

Imagine a long-distance relationship where video calls late at night feel more intimate than hurried daytime texts. The sleepy, unguarded conversation carries more truth than the performance of being awake. Dreams and half-sleep strip away the noise, leaving only essence.