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Act 2, Scene 4 — A Street.
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The argument The morning after the balcony scene. Mercutio and Benvolio are worried that Tybalt has sent Romeo a dueling challenge. When Romeo arrives — transformed, joyful, back to his sharp-witted old self — Mercutio is thrilled to have his friend back. They trade an extended barrage of wordplay. The Nurse arrives with Peter to find Romeo; Mercutio mocks her outrageously. Once Mercutio and Benvolio leave, Romeo gives the Nurse the wedding plan: Juliet should come to Friar Lawrence's cell that afternoon; a rope ladder will be delivered for the wedding night.
Enter Benvolio and Mercutio.
MERCUTIO Warning; foreshadowing doom

Where the devil should this Romeo be? Came he not home tonight?

BENVOLIO Speaking

Not to his father’s; I spoke with his man.

Not to his father’s; I spoke with his man.

not to his father’s; i spoke with his man.

not to his father’s; i spoke with his man.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Why, that same pale hard-hearted wench, that Rosaline, torments him so

that he will sure run mad.

Why, that same pale hard-heareed wench, that Rosaline, torments him so that he will sure run mad.

why, that same pale hard-heareed wench, that rosaline, torments him so that he will sure run mad.

why, that same pale hard-hearted wench, that rosaline, torme

Why it matters Mercutio still thinks this is about Rosaline — which makes Romeo's cheerful arrival in 2-4-016 all the more dramatic a contrast.
BENVOLIO Speaking

Tybalt, the kinsman to old Capulet, hath sent a letter to his father’s

house.

Tybalt, the kinsman to old Capulet, has sent a letter to his father’s house.

tybalt, the kinsman to old capulet, has sent a letter to his father’s house.

tybalt, the kinsman to old capulet, hath sent a letter to hi

Why it matters The dueling challenge is announced. This is the first concrete sign that the feud is going to intrude on the love story — and it arrives here, in the middle of the comic scene, like a shadow on a sunny day.
MERCUTIO Speaking

A challenge, on my life.

A challenge, on my life.

a challenge, on my life.

a challenge, on my life.

BENVOLIO Speaking

Romeo will answer it.

Romeo will answer it.

romeo will answer it.

romeo will answer it.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Any man that can write may answer a letter.

Any man that can write may answer a letter.

any man that can write may answer a letter.

any man that can write may answer a letter.

Why it matters Mercutio plays on 'answer' — respond to a letter vs. accept a duel. This wordplay is characteristic: he deflects serious subjects into wit.
BENVOLIO Speaking

Nay, he will answer the letter’s master, how he dares, being dared.

Nay, he will answer the letter’s master, how he dares, being dared.

nay, he will answer the letter’s master, how he dares, being dared.

nay, he will answer the letter’s master, how he dares, being

MERCUTIO Love; passion

Alas poor Romeo, he is already dead, stabbed with a white wench’s black

eye; run through the ear with a love song, the very pin of his heart

cleft with the blind bow-boy’s butt-shaft. And is he a man to encounter

Tybalt?

Alas poor Romeo, he is already dead, stabbed with a white wench’s black eye; run through the ear with a love song, the very pin of his heare cleft with the blind bow-boy’s butt-shaft. And is he a man to encounter Tybalt?

alas poor romeo, he is already dead, stabbed with ...

alas poor romeo, he is already dead, stabbed with a white we

"" The exact center point — the bull's-eye of his heart. Pin = the peg at the center of an archery target.
"" A blunt practice arrow — the weakest, most harmless kind. Mercutio is saying Romeo was felled by Love's most pathetic weapon.
Why it matters Mercutio uses Rosaline to argue that Romeo can't fight Tybalt because he's been effectively killed by love already. He means it as a joke. In Act 3, Romeo will genuinely let Mercutio fight Tybalt in his place, and Mercutio will die for it. The comedy here has a dark underside.
BENVOLIO Speaking

Why, what is Tybalt?

Why, what is Tybalt?

why, what is tybalt?

why, what is tybalt?

MERCUTIO Aggression; defiance

More than Prince of cats. O, he’s the courageous captain of

compliments. He fights as you sing prick-song, keeps time, distance,

and proportion. He rests his minim rest, one, two, and the third in

your bosom: the very butcher of a silk button, a duellist, a duellist;

a gentleman of the very first house, of the first and second cause. Ah,

the immortal passado, the punto reverso, the hay.

More than Prince of cats. Oh, he’s the courageous captain of compliments. He fights as you sing prick-song, keeps time, distance, and proportion. He rests his minim rest, one, two, and the third in your bosom: the very butcher of a silk button, a duellist, a duellist; a gentleman of the very first house, of the first and second cause. Ah, the immortal passado, the punto reverso, the hay.

more than prince of cats. oh, he’s the courageous ...

more than prince of cats. o, he’s the courageous captain of

"" Tybalt = Tibert, the cat in the medieval fable Reynard the Fox. Mercutio uses the name against him throughout — calling him a cat, hissing, etc.
"" Master of formal dueling ceremony — Mercutio means it as mockery, not praise. Tybalt is technically perfect but soullessly formal.
"" A marksman so precise he could hit a single button on your shirt. This level of skill makes him genuinely dangerous.
"" Italian fencing terms: the forward thrust, the backhand thrust, and the killing home thrust. Mercutio mocks the affected Italian vocabulary fashionable among Elizabethan dueling aficionados.
Why it matters This speech does two things at once: it establishes Tybalt as a genuinely lethal opponent while mocking the pretentious Italian dueling culture he represents. Mercutio is brilliant and contemptuous here — and he will fight Tybalt with exactly this contemptuous energy in 3-1. That's what gets him killed.
BENVOLIO Speaking

The what?

The what?

the what?

the what?

MERCUTIO Speaking

The pox of such antic lisping, affecting phantasies; these new tuners

of accent. By Jesu, a very good blade, a very tall man, a very good

whore. Why, is not this a lamentable thing, grandsire, that we should

be thus afflicted with these strange flies, these fashion-mongers,

these pardon-me’s, who stand so much on the new form that they cannot

sit at ease on the old bench? O their bones, their bones!

The pox of such antic lisping, affecting phantasies; these new tuners of accent. By Jesu, a very good blade, a very tall man, a very good whore. Why, is not this a lamentable thing, grandsire, that we should be thus afflicted with these strange flies, these fashion-mongers, these pardon-me’s, who stand so much on the new form that they cannot sit at ease on the old bench? O their bones, their bones!

the pox of such antic lisping, affecting phantasie...

the pox of such antic lisping, affecting phantasies; these n

"" Deliberately affected speech — some fashionable Elizabethans adopted an artificial lisp as a mark of sophistication. Mercutio despises it.
"" Pretentious affectations, fantasy-performances of a cultivated persona.
"" People who use elaborate courtesy as a social performance rather than genuine politeness.
Why it matters Mercutio's anti-fashion rant is actually a serious cultural statement: he's attacking the Italian dueling culture that made Tybalt what he is. Tybalt is the product of this affected precision-culture. Mercutio finds it deadly (literally, as it turns out) and ridiculous.
Enter Romeo.
BENVOLIO Speaking

Here comes Romeo, here comes Romeo!

Hbefore comes Romeo, hbefore comes Romeo!

hbefore comes romeo, hbefore comes romeo!

here comes romeo, here comes romeo!

MERCUTIO Love; passion

Without his roe, like a dried herring. O flesh, flesh, how art thou

fishified! Now is he for the numbers that Petrarch flowed in. Laura, to

his lady, was but a kitchen wench,—marry, she had a better love to

berhyme her: Dido a dowdy; Cleopatra a gypsy; Helen and Hero hildings

and harlots; Thisbe a grey eye or so, but not to the purpose. Signior

Romeo, bonjour! There’s a French salutation to your French slop. You

gave us the counterfeit fairly last night.

Wiyout his roe, like a dried herring. O flesh, flesh, how are you fishified! Now is he for the numbers that Petrarch flowed in. Laura, to his lady, was but a kitchen wench,—marry, she had a better love to berhyme her: Dido a dowdy; Cleopatra a gypsy; Helen and Hero hildings and harlots; Thisbe a grey eye or so, but not to the purpose. Signior Romeo, bonjour! Thbefore’s a French salutation to your French slop. You gave us the counterfeit fairly last night.

wiyout his roe, like a dried herring. o flesh, fle...

without his roe, like a dried herring. o flesh, flesh, how a

"" A dried herring has no roe (eggs) — empty, hollow. But 'roe' also sounds like 'Ro' in 'Romeo': remove the 'Ro' and you get 'me-o' = nothing. Mercutio says Romeo has been emptied by love.
"" Mercutio's invented word — transformed into fish, reduced to nothing. One of many Mercutio coinages.
"" The great mythological and literary beloveds — all dismissed by Mercutio as inferior to Juliet. This is mockery aimed at Romeo's extreme Petrarchan rhetoric.
Why it matters Mercutio sees Romeo coming and assumes he's still the lovesick wraith from yesterday. He's about to be very happily wrong. But notice that Mercutio's mockery of Petrarchan rhetoric — all these great beloveds dismissed — is also Shakespeare's own implicit critique of Romeo's excess. Mercutio voices the play's skepticism of its own hero.
ROMEO Speaking

Good morrow to you both. What counterfeit did I give you?

Good morrow to you both. What counterfeit did I give you?

good morrow to you both. what counterfeit did i give you?

good morrow to you both. what counterfeit did i give you?

Why it matters Romeo picks up the wordplay immediately — he's sharp and engaged, not the hollow-eyed Rosaline-mourner they expected. Mercutio is about to realize something has changed.
MERCUTIO Speaking

The slip sir, the slip; can you not conceive?

The slip sir, the slip; can you not conceive?

the slip sir, the slip; can you not conceive?

the slip sir, the slip; can you not conceive?

"" Both: (1) to escape/disappear — Romeo slipped away from them; (2) a counterfeit coin — slips were false coins. Mercutio plays both meanings.
ROMEO Speaking

Pardon, good Mercutio, my business was great, and in such a case as

mine a man may strain courtesy.

Pardon, good Mercutio, my business was great, and in such a case as mine a man may strain courtesy.

pardon, good mercutio, my business was great, and in such a case as mine a man may strain courtesy.

pardon, good mercutio, my business was great, and in such a

MERCUTIO Speaking

That’s as much as to say, such a case as yours constrains a man to bow

in the hams.

That’s as much as to say, such a case as yours constrains a man to bow in the hams.

that’s as much as to say, such a case as yours constrains a man to bow in the hams.

that’s as much as to say, such a case as yours constrains a

"" To bow at the knee in a deep curtsey — but 'hams' (back of the thighs) carries an obscene suggestion about Romeo's night activities.
ROMEO Speaking

Meaning, to curtsy.

Meaning, to curtsy.

meaning, to curtsy.

meaning, to curtsy.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Thou hast most kindly hit it.

Thou hast most kindly hit it.

thou hast most kindly hit it.

thou hast most kindly hit it.

ROMEO Speaking

A most courteous exposition.

A most courteous exposition.

a most courteous exposition.

a most courteous exposition.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Nay, I am the very pink of courtesy.

Nay, I am the very pink of courtesy.

nay, i am the very pink of courtesy.

nay, i am the very pink of courtesy.

"" The perfect embodiment of courtesy — 'pink' meant the finest, most perfect example of something. Also the flower, which Romeo will immediately pun on.
ROMEO Speaking

Pink for flower.

Pink for flower.

pink for flower.

pink for flower.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Right.

Right.

right.

right.

ROMEO Speaking

Why, then is my pump well flowered.

Why, then is my pump well flowbefored.

why, then is my pump well flowbefored.

why, then is my pump well flowered.

"" A pump was a light shoe; shoes were decorated with cut-out patterns called 'pinking.' So 'pump well flowered' = shoe with flower-patterned holes in it — completing the chain pink → flower → shoe.
MERCUTIO Speaking

Sure wit, follow me this jest now, till thou hast worn out thy pump,

that when the single sole of it is worn, the jest may remain after the

wearing, solely singular.

Sure wit, follow me this jest now, till you hast worn out your pump, that when the single sole of it is worn, the jest may remain after the wearing, solely singular.

sure wit, follow me this jest now, till you hast w...

sure wit, follow me this jest now, till thou hast worn out t

"" Triple: sole (shoe-bottom) / solely (only) / soul (spirit). The pun chain keeps multiplying.
ROMEO Speaking

O single-soled jest, solely singular for the singleness!

O single-soled jest, solely singular for the singleness!

o single-soled jest, solely singular for the singleness!

o single-soled jest, solely singular for the singleness!

"" Both thin-soled (cheap shoe) and weak-souled (a feeble joke). Romeo turns Mercutio's pun back on him as a mock-criticism.
MERCUTIO Speaking

Come between us, good Benvolio; my wits faint.

Come between us, good Benvolio; my wits faint.

come between us, good benvolio; my wits faint.

come between us, good benvolio; my wits faint.

Why it matters This is Mercutio admitting Romeo is winning the wit-combat — a notable moment. Mercutio is the sharpest mind in the play and Romeo is actually beating him. His transformation from lovesick groaner to sharp comedian is total.
ROMEO Speaking

Swits and spurs, swits and spurs; or I’ll cry a match.

Swits and spurs, swits and spurs; or I’ll cry a match.

swits and spurs, swits and spurs; or i’ll cry a match.

swits and spurs, swits and spurs; or i’ll cry a match.

"" Switch (a riding whip) and spurs — commands to urge a horse faster. Romeo tells Mercutio to gallop his wit or be beaten.
MERCUTIO Speaking

Nay, if thy wits run the wild-goose chase, I am done. For thou hast

more of the wild-goose in one of thy wits, than I am sure, I have in my

whole five. Was I with you there for the goose?

Nay, if your wits run the wild-goose chase, I am done. For you hast more of the wild-goose in one of your wits, than I am sure, I have in my whole five. Was I with you thbefore for the goose?

nay, if your wits run the wild-goose chase, i am d...

nay, if thy wits run the wild-goose chase, i am done. for th

"" A type of horse race where horses had to follow the lead horse's exact path, however erratic. Mercutio uses it for Romeo's unpredictable wit-chain. This is the origin of the modern phrase.
"" The five wits: common wit, imagination, fantasy, estimation, memory — the five faculties of the mind in Renaissance psychology.
ROMEO Speaking

Thou wast never with me for anything, when thou wast not there for the

goose.

Thou wast never with me for anything, when you wast not thbefore for the goose.

thou wast never with me for anything, when you wast not thbefore for the goose.

thou wast never with me for anything, when thou wast not the

MERCUTIO Speaking

I will bite thee by the ear for that jest.

I will bite you by the ear for that jest.

i will bite you by the ear for that jest.

i will bite thee by the ear for that jest.

ROMEO Speaking

Nay, good goose, bite not.

Nay, good goose, bite not.

nay, good goose, bite not.

nay, good goose, bite not.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Thy wit is a very bitter sweeting, it is a most sharp sauce.

Thy wit is a very bitter sweeting, it is a most sharp sauce.

thy wit is a very bitter sweeting, it is a most sharp sauce.

thy wit is a very bitter sweeting, it is a most sharp sauce.

"" A variety of apple — sweet but with a sharp edge. Mercutio compliments Romeo's wit while noting its bite.
ROMEO Speaking

And is it not then well served in to a sweet goose?

And is it not then well served in to a sweet goose?

and is it not then well served in to a sweet goose?

and is it not then well served in to a sweet goose?

MERCUTIO Speaking

O here’s a wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an

ell broad.

O hbefore’s a wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an ell broad.

o hbefore’s a wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an ell broad.

o here’s a wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narr

"" Soft kid leather — easily stretched. Mercutio praises Romeo's wit for its flexibility: it can extend in any direction.
"" A unit of measurement — about 45 inches, roughly a yard. Romeo's one-inch pun stretches to yard-wide territory.
ROMEO Speaking

I stretch it out for that word broad, which added to the goose, proves

thee far and wide a broad goose.

I stretch it out for that word broad, which added to the goose, proves you far and wide a broad goose.

i stretch it out for that word broad, which added ...

i stretch it out for that word broad, which added to the goo

MERCUTIO Love; passion

Why, is not this better now than groaning for love? Now art thou

sociable, now art thou Romeo; now art thou what thou art, by art as

well as by nature. For this drivelling love is like a great natural,

that runs lolling up and down to hide his bauble in a hole.

Why, is not this better now than groaning for love? Now are you sociable, now are you Romeo; now are you what you are, by are as well as by nature. For this drivelling love is like a great natural, that runs lolling up and down to hide his bauble in a hole.

why, is not this better now than groaning for love...

why, is not this better now than groaning for love? now art

"" A congenital fool — someone born with an intellectual disability. Mercutio compares besotted love to idiocy.
"" A jester's stick — but used here with obscene secondary meaning. Mercutio ends the speech with characteristic vulgarity.
Why it matters Mercutio's moment of genuine happiness. He's been waiting for weeks for Romeo to snap out of the Rosaline misery — and he reads the restored Romeo as proof that love-madness has passed. He doesn't know it's been replaced by something even more intense. His joy here makes what happens to him in 3-1 devastating.
BENVOLIO Speaking

Stop there, stop there.

Stop thbefore, stop thbefore.

stop thbefore, stop thbefore.

stop there, stop there.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair.

Thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair.

thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair.

thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair.

BENVOLIO Speaking

Thou wouldst else have made thy tale large.

Thou wouldst else have made your tale large.

thou wouldst else have made your tale large.

thou wouldst else have made thy tale large.

MERCUTIO Speaking

O, thou art deceived; I would have made it short, for I was come to the

whole depth of my tale, and meant indeed to occupy the argument no

longer.

Oh, you are deceived; I would have made it short, for I was come to the whole depth of my tale, and meant indeed to occupy the argument no longer.

oh, you are deceived; i would have made it short, ...

o, thou art deceived; i would have made it short, for i was

Enter Nurse and Peter.
ROMEO ≋ verse Speaking

Here’s goodly gear!

A sail, a sail!

Hbefore’s goodly gear! A sail, a sail!

hbefore’s goodly gear! a sail, a sail!

here’s goodly gear! a sail, a sail!

"" The Nurse is large and dressed in full skirts — Romeo sees her coming and compares her to a ship under sail. Rude, but period-typical.
MERCUTIO Speaking

Two, two; a shirt and a smock.

Two, two; a shirt and a smock.

two, two; a shirt and a smock.

two, two; a shirt and a smock.

NURSE Speaking

Peter!

Peter!

peter!

peter!

PETER Speaking

Anon.

Anon.

anon.

anon.

NURSE Speaking

My fan, Peter.

My fan, Peter.

my fan, peter.

my fan, peter.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Good Peter, to hide her face; for her fan’s the fairer face.

Good Peter, to hide her face; for her fan’s the fairer face.

good peter, to hide her face; for her fan’s the fairer face.

good peter, to hide her face; for her fan’s the fairer face.

NURSE Speaking

God ye good morrow, gentlemen.

God ye good morrow, gentlemen.

god ye good morrow, gentlemen.

god ye good morrow, gentlemen.

MERCUTIO Speaking

God ye good-den, fair gentlewoman.

God ye good-den, fair gentlewoman.

god ye good-den, fair gentlewoman.

god ye good-den, fair gentlewoman.

"" Good afternoon/evening — Mercutio deliberately gives the wrong time of day to set up confusion. It's morning.
NURSE Speaking

Is it good-den?

Is it good-den?

is it good-den?

is it good-den?

MERCUTIO Speaking

’Tis no less, I tell ye; for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the

prick of noon.

’Tis no less, I tell ye; for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the prick of noon.

’tis no less, i tell ye; for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the prick of noon.

’tis no less, i tell ye; for the bawdy hand of the dial is n

"" The exact stroke of noon — but 'prick' carried its obscene meaning in Elizabethan English, and Mercutio deploys it deliberately to shock the Nurse.
NURSE Speaking

Out upon you! What a man are you?

Out upon you! What a man are you?

out upon you! what a man are you?

out upon you! what a man are you?

ROMEO Speaking

One, gentlewoman, that God hath made for himself to mar.

One, gentlewoman, that God has made for himself to mar.

one, gentlewoman, that god has made for himself to mar.

one, gentlewoman, that god hath made for himself to mar.

NURSE Speaking

By my troth, it is well said; for himself to mar, quoth a? Gentlemen,

can any of you tell me where I may find the young Romeo?

By my troth, it is well said; for himself to mar, quoth a? Gentlemen, can any of you tell me whbefore I may find the young Romeo?

by my troth, it is well said; for himself to mar, ...

by my troth, it is well said; for himself to mar, quoth a? g

ROMEO Speaking

I can tell you: but young Romeo will be older when you have found him

than he was when you sought him. I am the youngest of that name, for

fault of a worse.

I can tell you: but young Romeo will be older when you have found him than he was when you sought him. I am the youngest of that name, for fault of a worse.

i can tell you: but young romeo will be older when...

i can tell you: but young romeo will be older when you have

Why it matters Romeo's pun-within-an-introduction: he's revealing himself while pretending not to.
NURSE Speaking

You say well.

You say well.

you say well.

you say well.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Yea, is the worst well? Very well took, i’faith; wisely, wisely.

Yea, is the worst well? Very well took, i’faith; wisely, wisely.

yea, is the worst well? very well took, i’faith; wisely, wisely.

yea, is the worst well? very well took, i’faith; wisely, wis

NURSE Speaking

If you be he, sir, I desire some confidence with you.

If you be he, sir, I desire some confidence with you.

if you be he, sir, i desire some confidence with you.

if you be he, sir, i desire some confidence with you.

"" The Nurse means 'conference' — a private meeting. Her malapropism is characteristic; she reaches for formal words and lands slightly off.
BENVOLIO Speaking

She will endite him to some supper.

She will endite him to some supper.

she will endite him to some supper.

she will endite him to some supper.

MERCUTIO Speaking

A bawd, a bawd, a bawd! So ho!

A bawd, a bawd, a bawd! So ho!

a bawd, a bawd, a bawd! so ho!

a bawd, a bawd, a bawd! so ho!

"" A hunting cry — the call when the quarry is spotted. Mercutio pretends the Nurse is game being hunted.
"" A procuress — a woman who facilitates sexual arrangements. Mercutio is being deliberately offensive, knowing the Nurse will hear him.
ROMEO Speaking

What hast thou found?

What hast you found?

what hast you found?

what hast thou found?

MERCUTIO Speaking

No hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie, that is something

stale and hoar ere it be spent.

No hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie, that is something stale and hoar before it be spent.

no hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie,...

no hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie, that is s

"" A pie eaten during Lent — often made with meat of dubious freshness. Mercutio implies the Nurse is old and past her best.
"" Grey/white with age — but also a pun on 'whore.' The song that follows plays these same puns.
[_Sings._]
An old hare hoar,
And an old hare hoar,
Is very good meat in Lent;
But a hare that is hoar
Is too much for a score
When it hoars ere it be spent.
Romeo, will you come to your father’s? We’ll to dinner thither.
ROMEO Speaking

I will follow you.

I will follow you.

i will follow you.

i will follow you.

MERCUTIO Speaking

Farewell, ancient lady; farewell, lady, lady, lady.

Farewell, ancient lady; farewell, lady, lady, lady.

farewell, ancient lady; farewell, lady, lady, lady.

farewell, ancient lady; farewell, lady, lady, lady.

[_Exeunt Mercutio and Benvolio._]
NURSE Speaking

I pray you, sir, what saucy merchant was this that was so full of his

ropery?

I pray you, sir, what saucy merchant was this that was so full of his ropery?

i pray you, sir, what saucy merchant was this that was so full of his ropery?

i pray you, sir, what saucy merchant was this that was so fu

"" Roguery — lewd, crude speech. The Nurse uses the slightly wrong word (ropery for roguery), which is her consistent verbal tic.
ROMEO Love; passion

A gentleman, Nurse, that loves to hear himself talk, and will speak

more in a minute than he will stand to in a month.

A gentleman, Nurse, that loves to hear himself talk, and will speak more in a minute than he will stand to in a month.

a gentleman, nurse, that loves to hear himself tal...

a gentleman, nurse, that loves to hear himself talk, and wil

Why it matters Romeo's affectionate, accurate description of Mercutio — and a hint of his own slight distance from Mercutio's excesses. He defends him while also gently qualifying him.
NURSE Speaking

And a speak anything against me, I’ll take him down, and a were lustier

than he is, and twenty such Jacks. And if I cannot, I’ll find those

that shall. Scurvy knave! I am none of his flirt-gills; I am none of

his skains-mates.—And thou must stand by too and suffer every knave to

use me at his pleasure!

And a speak anything against me, I’ll take him down, and a wbefore lustier than he is, and twenty such Jacks. And if I cannot, I’ll find those that shall. Scurvy knave! I am none of his flirt-gills; I am none of his skains-mates.—And you must stand by too and suffer every knave to use me at his pleasure!

and a speak anything against me, i’ll take him dow...

and a speak anything against me, i’ll take him down, and a w

"" Flirtatious common women — 'gill' was a generic female name for low-class women.
"" Associates of knaves — from 'skain' (a skein, but also possibly a knife). The Nurse says she's not part of his lowlife crew.
Why it matters The Nurse's social dignity is real to her even if it's comic to us. She has a strong sense of her own respectable standing, and Mercutio's mockery has genuinely stung. Her anger humanizes her beyond comic relief.
PETER Speaking

I saw no man use you at his pleasure; if I had, my weapon should

quickly have been out. I warrant you, I dare draw as soon as another

man, if I see occasion in a good quarrel, and the law on my side.

I saw no man use you at his pleasure; if I had, my weapon should quickly have been out. I warrant you, I dare draw as soon as another man, if I see occasion in a good quarrel, and the law on my side.

i saw no man use you at his pleasure; if i had, my...

i saw no man use you at his pleasure; if i had, my weapon sh

Why it matters Peter's one real speech is a perfect comic deflation: he insists he'd have acted, while pointedly qualifying that it requires a good reason and the law to be on his side. He is, in short, the least useful bodyguard imaginable.
NURSE Speaking

Now, afore God, I am so vexed that every part about me quivers. Scurvy

knave. Pray you, sir, a word: and as I told you, my young lady bid me

enquire you out; what she bade me say, I will keep to myself. But first

let me tell ye, if ye should lead her in a fool’s paradise, as they

say, it were a very gross kind of behaviour, as they say; for the

gentlewoman is young. And therefore, if you should deal double with

her, truly it were an ill thing to be offered to any gentlewoman, and

very weak dealing.

ROMEO. Nurse, commend me to thy lady and mistress. I protest unto

thee,—

Now, afore God, I am so vexed that every pare about me quivers. Scurvy knave. Pray you, sir, a word: and as I told you, my young lady bid me enquire you out; what she bade me say, I will keep to myself. But first let me tell ye, if ye should lead her in a fool’s paradise, as they say, it wbefore a very gross kind of behaviour, as they say; for the gentlewoman is young. And thbeforefore, if you should deal double with her, truly it wbefore an ill thing to be offbefored to any gentlewoman, and very weak dealing. ROMEO. Nurse, commend me to your lady and mistress. I protest unto you,—

now, afore god, i am so vexed that every pare abou...

now, afore god, i am so vexed that every part about me quive

"" A delusion of happiness — to lead someone there is to make them believe in a love that isn't real.
"" To act duplicitously, to give false promises — the Nurse is measuring Romeo's honesty before she'll deliver Juliet's message.
Why it matters The Nurse delivers her speech of warning before she'll confirm anything — this is the scene's pivot from comedy to actual consequence. Her care for Juliet is genuine and touching. She's a flawed messenger, but she loves the girl she's carrying messages for.
NURSE Speaking

Good heart, and i’faith I will tell her as much. Lord, Lord, she will

be a joyful woman.

Good heare, and i’faith I will tell her as much. Lord, Lord, she will be a joyful woman.

good heare, and i’faith i will tell her as much. lord, lord, she will be a joyful woman.

good heart, and i’faith i will tell her as much. lord, lord,

ROMEO Speaking

What wilt thou tell her, Nurse? Thou dost not mark me.

What wilt you tell her, Nurse? Thou dost not mark me.

what wilt you tell her, nurse? thou dost not mark me.

what wilt thou tell her, nurse? thou dost not mark me.

NURSE Speaking

I will tell her, sir, that you do protest, which, as I take it, is a

gentlemanlike offer.

I will tell her, sir, that you do protest, which, as I take it, is a gentlemanlike offer.

i will tell her, sir, that you do protest, which, as i take it, is a gentlemanlike offer.

i will tell her, sir, that you do protest, which, as i take

ROMEO ≋ verse Speaking

Bid her devise

Some means to come to shrift this afternoon,

And there she shall at Friar Lawrence’ cell

Be shriv’d and married. Here is for thy pains.

Bid her devise Some means to come to shrift this afternoon, And thbefore she shall at Friar Lawrence’ cell Be shriv’d and married. Hbefore is for your pains.

bid her devise some means to come to shrift this a...

bid her devise some means to come to shrift this afternoon,

"" Confession — the sacrament of confessing sins to a priest. Juliet has permission to go to 'shrift'; this is her cover story for the wedding.
"" Absolved — given the priest's forgiveness after confession. Romeo pairs it with 'married': two sacraments in one afternoon.
Why it matters The logistics of the wedding are laid out. 'Shrift' is both the cover story (she's going to confession) and real (Friar Lawrence will hear confession before the wedding). The details matter — they will all reappear when the plan begins to unravel.
NURSE Speaking

No truly, sir; not a penny.

No truly, sir; not a penny.

no truly, sir; not a penny.

no truly, sir; not a penny.

ROMEO Speaking

Go to; I say you shall.

Go to; I say you shall.

go to; i say you shall.

go to; i say you shall.

NURSE Speaking

This afternoon, sir? Well, she shall be there.

This afternoon, sir? Well, she shall be thbefore.

this afternoon, sir? well, she shall be thbefore.

this afternoon, sir? well, she shall be there.

ROMEO ≋ verse Speaking

And stay, good Nurse, behind the abbey wall.

Within this hour my man shall be with thee,

And bring thee cords made like a tackled stair,

Which to the high topgallant of my joy

Must be my convoy in the secret night.

Farewell, be trusty, and I’ll quit thy pains;

Farewell; commend me to thy mistress.

And stay, good Nurse, behind the abbey wall. Within this hour my man shall be with you, And bring you cords made like a tackled stair, Which to the high topgallant of my joy Must be my convoy in the secret night. Farewell, be trusty, and I’ll quit your pains; Farewell; commend me to your mistress.

and stay, good nurse, behind the abbey wall. withi...

and stay, good nurse, behind the abbey wall. within this hou

"" A rope ladder — made of ropes like ship's tackle. Romeo's servant will bring it for the wedding night.
"" The highest point — the topgallant is the topmost sail on a sailing ship. Juliet is the summit of everything Romeo feels.
Why it matters The rope ladder will be the means of their wedding night together — and eventually it becomes the apparatus of tragic irony when exile separates them and there's no more need of it.
NURSE Speaking

Now God in heaven bless thee. Hark you, sir.

Now God in heaven bless you. Hark you, sir.

now god in heaven bless you. hark you, sir.

now god in heaven bless thee. hark you, sir.

ROMEO Speaking

What say’st thou, my dear Nurse?

What say’st you, my dear Nurse?

what say’st you, my dear nurse?

what say’st thou, my dear nurse?

NURSE ≋ verse Speaking

Is your man secret? Did you ne’er hear say,

Two may keep counsel, putting one away?

Is your man secret? Did you ne’er hear say, Two may keep counsel, putting one away?

is your man secret? did you ne’er hear say, two may keep counsel, putting one away?

is your man secret? did you ne’er hear say, two may keep cou

Why it matters The Nurse quotes a proverb about secrecy — a slightly ominous reminder that secrets in this play have a way of not staying kept. The wedding that depends on secrecy is built on fragile foundations.
ROMEO Speaking

I warrant thee my man’s as true as steel.

I warrant you my man’s as true as steel.

i warrant you my man’s as true as steel.

i warrant thee my man’s as true as steel.

NURSE Speaking

Well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. Lord, Lord! When ’twas a

little prating thing,—O, there is a nobleman in town, one Paris, that

would fain lay knife aboard; but she, good soul, had as lief see a

toad, a very toad, as see him. I anger her sometimes, and tell her that

Paris is the properer man, but I’ll warrant you, when I say so, she

looks as pale as any clout in the versal world. Doth not rosemary and

Romeo begin both with a letter?

Well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. Lord, Lord! When ’twas a little prating thing,—Oh, thbefore is a nobleman in town, one Paris, that would fain lay knife aboard; but she, good soul, had as lief see a toad, a very toad, as see him. I anger her sometimes, and tell her that Paris is the propbeforer man, but I’ll warrant you, when I say so, she looks as pale as any clout in the versal world. Doth not rosemary and Romeo begin both with a letter?

well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. lord,...

well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. lord, lord! whe

"" A nautical phrase for boarding a ship and claiming it — Paris is trying to stake his claim on Juliet.
"" The entire world — 'versal' for 'universal.' The Nurse's verbal habit of reaching for grand-sounding words.
"" The herb associated with remembrance — used at weddings and funerals. The Nurse's linking of Romeo and rosemary is charming in its simplicity, but rosemary's dual association foreshadows the play's end.
Why it matters The Nurse's digression about Paris is actually narratively loaded — it confirms that Juliet has already rejected Paris internally, long before her parents know about Romeo. And the rosemary detail, apparently trivial, links Romeo to the herb of remembrance that appears at both weddings and burials.
ROMEO Speaking

Ay, Nurse; what of that? Both with an R.

Ay, Nurse; what of that? Both with an R.

ay, nurse; what of that? both with an r.

ay, nurse; what of that? both with an r.

NURSE Speaking

Ah, mocker! That’s the dog’s name. R is for the—no, I know it begins

with some other letter, and she hath the prettiest sententious of it,

of you and rosemary, that it would do you good to hear it.

Ah, mocker! That’s the dog’s name. R is for the—no, I know it begins with some other letter, and she has the prettiest sententious of it, of you and rosemary, that it would do you good to hear it.

ah, mocker! that’s the dog’s name. r is for the—no...

ah, mocker! that’s the dog’s name. r is for the—no, i know i

"" R was literally called 'the dog's letter' for its growling sound. The Nurse makes this observation, then muddles herself about which letter rosemary starts with — it also starts with R.
"" The Nurse's near-miss for 'sentence' or 'saying' — one of her characteristic verbal stumbles. She means a little verse Juliet has composed.
Why it matters Pure character comedy — the Nurse's attempt to sound learned by using big words almost correctly. Her muddle about which letter rosemary starts with (it also starts with R) is genuinely funny. But the rosemary-Romeo connection she's hinting at is real: both are associated with remembrance.
ROMEO Speaking

Commend me to thy lady.

Commend me to your lady.

commend me to your lady.

commend me to thy lady.

NURSE Speaking

Ay, a thousand times. Peter!

Ay, a yousand times. Peter!

ay, a yousand times. peter!

ay, a thousand times. peter!

[_Exit Romeo._]
PETER Speaking

Anon.

Anon.

anon.

anon.

NURSE Speaking

Before and apace.

Before and apace.

before and apace.

before and apace.

[_Exeunt._]

The Reckoning

This scene exists as a kind of last long breath before everything turns. Romeo and Mercutio at full comic velocity together, trading puns faster than the audience can catch them. Shakespeare gives us this precisely so we know what's at stake in 3-1. We need to see Mercutio alive and electric before we see him die. The Tybalt challenge that opens the scene also quietly sets the clock ticking — the duel is already coming; the wedding is about to happen; these two facts are on a collision course and nobody in the play knows it except the audience.

If this happened today…

Think of two best friends who've been out of sync — one has been moping over a breakup for weeks while the other's been losing patience. Then one day the moper shows up grinning and sharp again, and the energy between them is immediately exactly what it used to be. That's the first half of this scene. The second half is the same guy trying to relay serious information to a contact while his friend, still in comic mode, refuses to let it be serious.

Continue to 2.5 →