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Act 4, Scene 2 — Before the Duke of Albany’s Palace
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The argument Goneril and Edmund arrive at Albany's palace. She sends Edmund back to Cornwall and exchanges charged signals with him. Albany enters, appalled by what's been done to Lear and Gloucester. A messenger arrives: Cornwall is dead, Gloucester was blinded. Albany vows revenge. Goneril privately worries: a widowed Regan might pursue Edmund.
Enter Goneril, Edmund;
Oswald meeting them.
GONERIL ≋ verse GONERIL's speech

Welcome, my lord. I marvel our mild husband

Not met us on the way. Now, where’s your master?

Welcome, my lord. I marvel our mild husband Not met us on the way. Now, where’s your master?

Welcome, my lord. I marvel our mild husband Not met us on the way. Now, where’s your master?

Welcome, my lord. I marvel our mild husb

OSWALD ≋ verse OSWALD's speech

Madam, within; but never man so chang’d.

I told him of the army that was landed;

He smil’d at it: I told him you were coming;

His answer was, ‘The worse.’ Of Gloucester’s treachery

And of the loyal service of his son

When I inform’d him, then he call’d me sot,

And told me I had turn’d the wrong side out.

What most he should dislike seems pleasant to him;

What like, offensive.

Madam, within; but never man so chang’d. I told him of the army that was landed; He smil’d at it: I told him you were coming; His answer was, ‘The worse.’ Of Gloucester’s treachery And of the loyal service of his son When I inform’d him, then he call’d me sot, And told me I had turn’d the wrong side

Madam, within; but never man so chang’d. I told him of the army that was landed; He smil’d at it: I told him you were coming; His answer was, ‘The worse.’ Of Gloucester’s treachery And of the loyal service of his son When I inform’d him, then he call’d me sot, And told me I had turn’d the wrong side

Madam, within; but never man so chang’d.

[_To Edmund._] Then shall you go no further.
GONERIL ≋ verse GONERIL's speech

It is the cowish terror of his spirit,

That dares not undertake. He’ll not feel wrongs

Which tie him to an answer. Our wishes on the way

May prove effects. Back, Edmund, to my brother;

Hasten his musters and conduct his powers.

I must change names at home, and give the distaff

Into my husband’s hands. This trusty servant

Shall pass between us. Ere long you are like to hear,

If you dare venture in your own behalf,

A mistress’s command. [_Giving a favour._]

Wear this; spare speech;

Decline your head. This kiss, if it durst speak,

Would stretch thy spirits up into the air.

Conceive, and fare thee well.

It is the cowish terror of his spirit, That dares not undertake. He’ll not feel wrongs Which tie him to an answer. Our wishes on the way May prove effects. Back, Edmund, to my brother; Hasten his musters and conduct his powers. I must change names at home, and give the distaff Into my husband’s hand

It is the cowish terror of his spirit, That dares not undertake. He’ll not feel wrongs Which tie him to an answer. Our wishes on the way May prove effects. Back, Edmund, to my brother; Hasten his musters and conduct his powers. I must change names at home, and give the distaff Into my husband’s hand

It is the cowish terror of his spirit, T

EDMUND EDMUND's speech

Yours in the ranks of death.

Yours in the ranks of death.

Yours in the ranks of death.

Yours in the ranks of death.

[_Exit Edmund._]
GONERIL ≋ verse GONERIL's speech

My most dear Gloucester.

O, the difference of man and man!

To thee a woman’s services are due;

My fool usurps my body.

My most dear Gloucester. O, the difference of man and man! To thee a woman’s services are due; My fool usurps my body.

My most dear Gloucester. O, the difference of man and man! To thee a woman’s services are due; My fool usurps my body.

My most dear Gloucester. O, the differen

OSWALD OSWALD's speech

Madam, here comes my lord.

Madam, here comes my lord.

Madam, here comes my lord.

Madam, here comes my lord.

[_Exit._]
Enter Albany.
GONERIL GONERIL's speech

I have been worth the whistle.

I have been worth the whistle.

I have been worth the whistle.

I have been worth the whistle.

Why it matters Albany's speech is the play's clearest articulation of what is at stake politically. The daughters' treatment of Lear is not just cruel — it is the dissolution of the social bond itself. Albany sees this where others are too close to the action to see it.
ALBANY ≋ verse ALBANY's speech

O Goneril!

You are not worth the dust which the rude wind

Blows in your face! I fear your disposition;

That nature which contemns its origin

Cannot be bordered certain in itself.

She that herself will sliver and disbranch

From her material sap, perforce must wither

And come to deadly use.

O Goneril! You are not worth the dust which the rude wind Blows in your face! I fear your disposition; That nature which contemns its origin Cannot be bordered certain in itself. She that herself will sliver and disbranch From her material sap, perforce must wither And come to deadly use.

O Goneril! You are not worth the dust which the rude wind Blows in your face! I fear your disposition; That nature which contemns its origin Cannot be bordered certain in itself. She that herself will sliver and disbranch From her material sap, perforce must wither And come to deadly use.

O Goneril! You are not worth the dust wh

GONERIL GONERIL's speech

No more; the text is foolish.

No more; the text is foolish.

No more; the text is foolish.

No more; the text is foolish.

ALBANY ≋ verse ALBANY's speech

Wisdom and goodness to the vile seem vile;

Filths savour but themselves. What have you done?

Tigers, not daughters, what have you perform’d?

A father, and a gracious aged man,

Whose reverence even the head-lugg’d bear would lick,

Most barbarous, most degenerate, have you madded.

Could my good brother suffer you to do it?

A man, a prince, by him so benefitted!

If that the heavens do not their visible spirits

Send quickly down to tame these vile offences,

It will come,

Humanity must perforce prey on itself,

Like monsters of the deep.

Wisdom and goodness to the vile seem vile; Filths savour but themselves. What have you done? Tigers, not daughters, what have you perform’d? A father, and a gracious aged man, Whose reverence even the head-lugg’d bear would lick, Most barbarous, most degenerate, have you madded. Could my good brothe

Wisdom and goodness to the vile seem vile; Filths savour but themselves. What have you done? Tigers, not daughters, what have you perform’d? A father, and a gracious aged man, Whose reverence even the head-lugg’d bear would lick, Most barbarous, most degenerate, have you madded. Could my good brothe

Wisdom and goodness to the vile seem vil

"Humanity must perforce prey on itself, like monsters of the deep" Albany's image of social chaos: if the bonds that hold human society — filial duty, gratitude, loyalty — are dissolved, the result is not freedom but cannibalism. The 'monsters of the deep' eat each other because they have no law. Albany is saying that Goneril and Regan have removed the foundations of civilization.
Why it matters Goneril's aside reveals her actual priority: not power, not politics, not the battle coming — Edmund. The news that Regan is a widow registers first as a threat to her access to him. Her vulnerability to jealousy is the most human thing about her.
GONERIL ≋ verse GONERIL's speech

Milk-liver’d man!

That bear’st a cheek for blows, a head for wrongs;

Who hast not in thy brows an eye discerning

Thine honour from thy suffering; that not know’st

Fools do those villains pity who are punish’d

Ere they have done their mischief. Where’s thy drum?

France spreads his banners in our noiseless land;

With plumed helm thy state begins to threat,

Whilst thou, a moral fool, sitt’st still, and criest

‘Alack, why does he so?’

Milk-liver’d man! That bear’st a cheek for blows, a head for wrongs; Who hast not in thy brows an eye discerning Thine honour from thy suffering; that not know’st Fools do those villains pity who are punish’d Ere they have done their mischief. Where’s thy drum? France spreads his banners in our nois

Milk-liver’d man! That bear’st a cheek for blows, a head for wrongs; Who hast not in thy brows an eye discerning Thine honour from thy suffering; that not know’st Fools do those villains pity who are punish’d Ere they have done their mischief. Where’s thy drum? France spreads his banners in our nois

Milk-liver’d man! That bear’st a cheek f

ALBANY ≋ verse ALBANY's speech

See thyself, devil!

Proper deformity seems not in the fiend

So horrid as in woman.

See thyself, devil! Proper deformity seems not in the fiend So horrid as in woman.

See thyself, devil! Proper deformity seems not in the fiend So horrid as in woman.

See thyself, devil! Proper deformity see

GONERIL GONERIL's speech

O vain fool!

O vain fool!

O vain fool!

O vain fool!

ALBANY ≋ verse ALBANY's speech

Thou changed and self-cover’d thing, for shame!

Be-monster not thy feature! Were’t my fitness

To let these hands obey my blood,

They are apt enough to dislocate and tear

Thy flesh and bones. Howe’er thou art a fiend,

A woman’s shape doth shield thee.

Thou changed and self-cover’d thing, for shame! Be-monster not thy feature! Were’t my fitness To let these hands obey my blood, They are apt enough to dislocate and tear Thy flesh and bones. Howe’er thou art a fiend, A woman’s shape doth shield thee.

Thou changed and self-cover’d thing, for shame! Be-monster not thy feature! Were’t my fitness To let these hands obey my blood, They are apt enough to dislocate and tear Thy flesh and bones. Howe’er thou art a fiend, A woman’s shape doth shield thee.

Thou changed and self-cover’d thing, for

GONERIL GONERIL's speech

Marry, your manhood, mew!

Marry, your manhood, mew!

Marry, your manhood, mew!

Marry, your manhood, mew!

Enter a Messenger.
ALBANY ALBANY's speech

What news?

What news?

What news?

What news?

MESSENGER ≋ verse MESSENGER's speech

O, my good lord, the Duke of Cornwall’s dead;

Slain by his servant, going to put out

The other eye of Gloucester.

O, my good lord, the Duke of Cornwall’s dead; Slain by his servant, going to put out The other eye of Gloucester.

O, my good lord, the Duke of Cornwall’s dead; Slain by his servant, going to put out The other eye of Gloucester.

O, my good lord, the Duke of Cornwall’s

ALBANY ALBANY's speech

Gloucester’s eyes!

Gloucester’s eyes!

Gloucester’s eyes!

Gloucester’s eyes!

MESSENGER ≋ verse MESSENGER's speech

A servant that he bred, thrill’d with remorse,

Oppos’d against the act, bending his sword

To his great master; who, thereat enrag’d,

Flew on him, and amongst them fell’d him dead;

But not without that harmful stroke which since

Hath pluck’d him after.

A servant that he bred, thrill’d with remorse, Oppos’d against the act, bending his sword To his great master; who, thereat enrag’d, Flew on him, and amongst them fell’d him dead; But not without that harmful stroke which since Hath pluck’d him after.

A servant that he bred, thrill’d with remorse, Oppos’d against the act, bending his sword To his great master; who, thereat enrag’d, Flew on him, and amongst them fell’d him dead; But not without that harmful stroke which since Hath pluck’d him after.

A servant that he bred, thrill’d with re

ALBANY ≋ verse ALBANY's speech

This shows you are above,

You justicers, that these our nether crimes

So speedily can venge! But, O poor Gloucester!

Lost he his other eye?

This shows you are above, You justicers, that these our nether crimes So speedily can venge! But, O poor Gloucester! Lost he his other eye?

This shows you are above, You justicers, that these our nether crimes So speedily can venge! But, O poor Gloucester! Lost he his other eye?

This shows you are above, You justicers,

MESSENGER ≋ verse MESSENGER's speech

Both, both, my lord.

This letter, madam, craves a speedy answer;

’Tis from your sister.

Both, both, my lord. This letter, madam, craves a speedy answer; ’Tis from your sister.

Both, both, my lord. This letter, madam, craves a speedy answer; ’Tis from your sister.

Both, both, my lord. This letter, madam,

[_Aside._] One way I like this well;
GONERIL ≋ verse GONERIL's speech

But being widow, and my Gloucester with her,

May all the building in my fancy pluck

Upon my hateful life. Another way

The news is not so tart. I’ll read, and answer.

But being widow, and my Gloucester with her, May all the building in my fancy pluck Upon my hateful life. Another way The news is not so tart. I’ll read, and answer.

But being widow, and my Gloucester with her, May all the building in my fancy pluck Upon my hateful life. Another way The news is not so tart. I’ll read, and answer.

But being widow, and my Gloucester with

[_Exit._]
ALBANY ALBANY's speech

Where was his son when they did take his eyes?

Where was his son when they did take his eyes?

Where was his son when they did take his eyes?

Where was his son when they did take his

MESSENGER MESSENGER's speech

Come with my lady hither.

Come with my lady hither.

Come with my lady hither.

Come with my lady hither.

ALBANY ALBANY's speech

He is not here.

He is not here.

He is not here.

He is not here.

MESSENGER MESSENGER's speech

No, my good lord; I met him back again.

No, my good lord; I met him back again.

No, my good lord; I met him back again.

No, my good lord; I met him back again.

ALBANY ALBANY's speech

Knows he the wickedness?

Knows he the wickedness?

Knows he the wickedness?

Knows he the wickedness?

MESSENGER ≋ verse MESSENGER's speech

Ay, my good lord. ’Twas he inform’d against him;

And quit the house on purpose, that their punishment

Might have the freer course.

Ay, my good lord. ’Twas he inform’d against him; And quit the house on purpose, that their punishment Might have the freer course.

Ay, my good lord. ’Twas he inform’d against him; And quit the house on purpose, that their punishment Might have the freer course.

Ay, my good lord. ’Twas he inform’d agai

ALBANY ≋ verse ALBANY's speech

Gloucester, I live

To thank thee for the love thou show’dst the King,

And to revenge thine eyes. Come hither, friend,

Tell me what more thou know’st.

Gloucester, I live To thank thee for the love thou show’dst the King, And to revenge thine eyes. Come hither, friend, Tell me what more thou know’st.

Gloucester, I live To thank thee for the love thou show’dst the King, And to revenge thine eyes. Come hither, friend, Tell me what more thou know’st.

Gloucester, I live To thank thee for the

[_Exeunt._]

The Reckoning

The Goneril/Edmund plot accelerates here, and Albany reveals himself as the play's clearest moral voice among the powerful characters. Goneril has contempt for her husband: he is 'milk-livered,' insufficiently ruthless, a 'moral fool' who passes judgment instead of acting. Albany's speech in response — building to his denunciation of Goneril — is controlled rage, and his image of what happens when humanity abandons its bond ('Humanity must perforce prey on itself, / Like monsters of the deep') is one of the play's central structural metaphors. The news that Cornwall is dead introduces two new complications: the power balance between the sisters shifts, and Regan is now available to pursue Edmund. Goneril's private aside at the end — she would rather lose the battle than lose Edmund to Regan — is the most direct statement of her vulnerability in the play.

If this happened today…

A powerful couple returns home after a trip. She's been running an operation against a former superior with a man she's attracted to. She sends the man back before her husband can see them together. Her husband confronts her: 'You know what you've done? You know what's been done?' He reads her the account of a brutal act they were party to. She looks at him with contempt and walks past. Then news arrives: the man on the other side died. And she thinks: his widow might go after the man I want.

Continue to 4.3 →