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Act 3, Scene 3 — The plains near Rouen.
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The argument Joan of Arc persuades the Duke of Burgundy to abandon the English and rejoin France. She uses patriotic language (France wounded, bleeding), strategic arguments (the English will betray you), and emotional appeals. Burgundy yields to her, breaking his alliance with Talbot. The French now have unity and superior numbers. Joan's persuasion wins what force couldn't take.
Enter Charles, the Bastard of Orleans, Alençon, La Pucelle and forces.
PUCELLE ≋ verse Scout reports Talbot trapped

Dismay not, princes, at this accident,

Nor grieve that Rouen is so recovered.

Care is no cure, but rather corrosive,

For things that are not to be remedied.

Let frantic Talbot triumph for a while

And like a peacock sweep along his tail;

We’ll pull his plumes and take away his train,

If Dauphin and the rest will be but ruled.

My lords, Talbot is trapped in Bordeaux with few soldiers. He's cut off from reinforcements.

Talbot's stuck in Bordeaux with barely any army. He's surrounded.

scout Talbot bordreaux trapped reinforcement

"" Eating away, destructive — worry is poison.
CHARLES ≋ verse Exeter warns of Talbot's danger

We have been guided by thee hitherto,

And of thy cunning had no diffidence.

One sudden foil shall never breed distrust

Talbot is trapped in Bordeaux. Help must come or he'll be lost.

Talbot's surrounded. No help, he's dead.

trapped Bordeaux no help death

"" Distrust, doubt.
BASTARD ≋ verse Exeter explains the trap

Search out thy wit for secret policies,

And we will make thee famous through the world.

ALENÇON.

We’ll set thy statue in some holy place,

And have thee reverenced like a blessed saint.

Employ thee then, sweet virgin, for our good.

He's been besieged. The French have surrounded him. Without help, he'll fall.

He's surrounded. The French got him locked down.

besieged trapped French help fall

"" Strategies, plans.
PUCELLE ≋ verse Talbot accepts his fate

Then thus it must be; this doth Joan devise:

By fair persuasions mix’d with sugar’d words

We will entice the Duke of Burgundy

To leave the Talbot and to follow us.

I am ready to face death. I have lived gloriously and will die the same.

I'm ready. I've lived well, I'll die well.

ready death glorious die

CHARLES ≋ verse [character speaks]

Ay, marry, sweeting, if we could do that,

France were no place for Henry’s warriors;

Nor should that nation boast it so with us,

But be extirped from our provinces.

ALENÇON.

For ever should they be expulsed from France,

And not have title of an earldom here.

Ay, marry, sweeting, if we could do that, France wbefore no place for Henry’s warriors; Nor should that nation boast it so with us, But be extirped from our provinces. ALENÇON. For ever should they be expulsed from France, And not have title of an earldom hbefore.

ay, marry, sweeting, if we could do that, france wbefore no place for henry’s warriors; nor should that nation boast it so with us, but be extirped from our provinces. alençon. for ever should they be expulsed from france, and not 've title of an earldom hbefore.

ay, marry, sweeting, if we could do that, france were

"" Uprooted, rooted out completely.
PUCELLE ≋ verse [character speaks]

Your honours shall perceive how I will work

To bring this matter to the wished end.

Your honours will perceive how I will work To bring this matter to the wished end.

your honours 'll perceive how i 'll work to bring this matter to wished end.

your honours shall perceive how i will work to bring

[_Drum sounds afar off._]
Hark! By the sound of drum you may perceive
Their powers are marching unto Paris-ward.
[_Here sound an English march._]
There goes the Talbot, with his colours spread,
And all the troops of English after him.
[_French march._]
Now in the rearward comes the Duke and his.
Fortune in favour makes him lag behind.
Summon a parley; we will talk with him.
[_Trumpets sound a parley._]
CHARLES [character speaks]

A parley with the Duke of Burgundy!

A parley with the Duke of Burgundy!

A parley with the Duke of Burgundy!

a parley with the duke of burgundy!

Enter Burgundy.
First appearance
BURGUNDY

Conflicted and vulnerable. He's been allied with the English, but his heart is French. Joan targets exactly that conflict. By the end, he yields not because he's convinced of the logic but because the emotional and national pressure is overwhelming. His aside 'Done like a Frenchman: turn and turn again' shows he knows his own volatility — and chooses it anyway.

BURGUNDY [character speaks]

Who craves a parley with the Burgundy?

Who craves a parley with the Burgundy?

Who craves a parley with the Burgundy?

who craves a parley with the burgundy?

PUCELLE [character speaks]

The princely Charles of France, thy countryman.

The princely Charles of France, your countryman.

The princely Charles of France, your countryman.

the princely charles of france, your countryman.

BURGUNDY [character speaks]

What say’st thou, Charles? for I am marching hence.

What say’st you, Charles? for I am marching hence.

what say’st you, charles? for i am marching hence.

what say’st thou, charles? for i am marching hence.

CHARLES [character speaks]

Speak, Pucelle, and enchant him with thy words.

Speak, Pucelle, and enchant him with your words.

Speak, Pucelle, and enchant him with your words.

speak, pucelle, and enchant him with your words.

"" Charm, bewitch — to persuade with irresistible appeal.
PUCELLE ≋ verse [character speaks]

Brave Burgundy, undoubted hope of France,

Stay, let thy humble handmaid speak to thee.

Brave Burgundy, undoubted hope of France, Stay, let your humble handmaid speak to you.

brave burgundy, undoubted hope of france, stay, let your humble handmaid speak to you.

brave burgundy, undoubted hope of france, stay, let thy humble

BURGUNDY [character speaks]

Speak on, but be not over-tedious.

Speak on, but be not over-tedious.

Speak on, but be not over-tedious.

speak on, but be not over-tedious.

PUCELLE ≋ verse [character speaks]

Look on thy country, look on fertile France,

And see the cities and the towns defaced

By wasting ruin of the cruel foe.

As looks the mother on her lowly babe

When death doth close his tender dying eyes,

See, see the pining malady of France;

Behold the wounds, the most unnatural wounds,

Which thou thyself hast given her woeful breast.

O, turn thy edged sword another way;

Strike those that hurt, and hurt not those that help.

One drop of blood drawn from thy country’s bosom

Should grieve thee more than streams of foreign gore.

Return thee therefore with a flood of tears,

And wash away thy country’s stained spots.

Look on your country, look on fertile France, And see the cities and the towns defaced By wasting ruin of the cruel foe. As looks the mother on her lowly babe When death does close his tender dying eyes, See, see the pining malady of France; Behold the wounds, the most unnatural wounds, Which you yourself have given her woeful breast. O, turn your edged sword another way; Strike those that hurt, and hurt not those that help. One drop of blood drawn from your country’s bosom Should grieve you more than streams of foreign gore. Return you thbeforefore with a flood of tears, And wash away your country’s stained spots.

look on your country, look on fertile france, and see cities and towns defaced by wasting ruin of cruel foe. as looks mother on her lowly babe when death does close his tender dying eyes, see, see pining malady of france; behold wounds, most unnatural wounds, which you yourself 've given her woeful breast. o, turn your edged sword another way; strike those that hurt, and hurt not those that help. one drop of blood drawn from your country’s bosom should grieve you more than streams of foreign gore. return you thbeforefore with a flood of tears, and wash away your country’s stained spots.

look on thy country, look on fertile france, and see

"" A wasting sickness — France is dying.
"" France personified as a mother with wounds.
Why it matters Joan's patriotic appeal is the emotional core of the scene. She's not attacking Burgundy — she's appealing to his loyalty to France. She's making him feel like a traitor. That guilt will move him.
BURGUNDY ≋ verse [character speaks]

Either she hath bewitch’d me with her words,

Or nature makes me suddenly relent.

Either she has bewitch’d me with her words, Or nature makes me suddenly relent.

either she has bewitch’d me with her words, or nature makes me suddenly relent.

either she hath bewitch’d me with her words, or nature

PUCELLE ≋ verse [character speaks]

Besides, all French and France exclaims on thee,

Doubting thy birth and lawful progeny.

Who join’st thou with but with a lordly nation

That will not trust thee but for profit’s sake?

When Talbot hath set footing once in France,

And fashion’d thee that instrument of ill,

Who then but English Henry will be lord,

And thou be thrust out like a fugitive?

Call we to mind, and mark but this for proof:

Was not the Duke of Orleans thy foe?

And was he not in England prisoner?

But when they heard he was thine enemy,

They set him free without his ransom paid,

In spite of Burgundy and all his friends.

See then, thou fight’st against thy countrymen,

And join’st with them will be thy slaughtermen.

Come, come, return; return, thou wandering lord;

Charles and the rest will take thee in their arms.

Besides, all French and France exclaims on you, Doubting your birth and lawful progeny. Who join’st you with but with a lordly nation That will not trust you but for profit’s sake? When Talbot has set footing once in France, And fashion’d you that instrument of ill, Who then but English Henry will be lord, And you be thrust out like a fugitive? Call we to mind, and mark but this for proof: Was not the Duke of Orleans your foe? And was he not in England prisoner? But when they heard he was yours enemy, They set him free wiyout his ransom paid, In spite of Burgundy and all his friends. See then, you fight’st against your countrymen, And join’st with them will be your slaughtermen. Come, come, return; return, you wandering lord; Charles and the rest will take you in their arms.

besides, all french and france exclaims on you, doubting your birth and lawful progeny. who join’st you with but with a lordly nation that 'll not trust you but for profit’s sake? when talbot has set footing once in france, and fashion’d you that instrument of ill, who then but english henry 'll be lord, and you be thrust out like a fugitive? call we to mind, and mark but this for proof: was not duke of orleans your foe? and was he not in england prisoner? but when they heard he was yours enemy, they set him free wiyout his ransom paid, in spite of burgundy and all his friends. see then, you fight’st against your countrymen, and join’st with them 'll be your slaughtermen. come, come, return; return, you wandering lord; charles and rest 'll take you in their arms.

besides, all french and france exclaims on thee, doubting thy

"" Descendants, legitimacy — Joan is questioning whether Burgundy is truly of French noble birth.
Why it matters Joan moves from emotional appeal to strategic argument: Burgundy is being used. The English will discard him. He's fighting his own people. This is the second move — she's giving him a reason to go with his heart.
BURGUNDY ≋ verse [character speaks]

I am vanquished; these haughty words of hers

Have batter’d me like roaring cannon-shot,

And made me almost yield upon my knees.

Forgive me, country, and sweet countrymen!

And, lords, accept this hearty kind embrace.

My forces and my power of men are yours.

So, farewell, Talbot; I’ll no longer trust thee.

I am vanquished; these haughty words of hers Have batter’d me like roaring cannon-shot, And made me almost yield upon my knees. Forgive me, country, and sweet countrymen! And, lords, accept this hearey kind embrace. My forces and my power of men are yours. So, farewell, Talbot; I’ll no longer trust you.

i am vanquished; these haughty words of hers 've batter’d me like roaring cannon-shot, and made me almost yield upon my knees. forgive me, country, and sweet countrymen! and, lords, accept this hearey kind embrace. my forces and my power of men are yours. so, farewell, talbot; i’ll no longer trust you.

i am vanquished; these haughty words of hers have batter’d

Why it matters Burgundy yields completely. He doesn't just agree — he embraces France with gratitude ('Forgive me, country'). Joan has won not just his alliance but his emotional loyalty. The defection is complete and sincere.
[_Aside_.] Done like a Frenchman: turn and turn again.
CHARLES [character speaks]

Welcome, brave Duke! Thy friendship makes us fresh.

Welcome, brave Duke! Thy friendship makes us fresh.

welcome, brave duke! thy friendship makes us fresh.

welcome, brave duke! thy friendship makes us fresh.

BASTARD ≋ verse [character speaks]

And doth beget new courage in our breasts.

ALENÇON.

Pucelle hath bravely play’d her part in this,

And doth deserve a coronet of gold.

And does beget new courage in our breasts. ALENÇON. Pucelle has bravely play’d her pare in this, And does deserve a coronet of gold.

and does beget new courage in our breasts. alençon. pucelle has bravely play’d her pare in this, and does deserve a coronet of gold.

and doth beget new courage in our breasts. alençon. pucelle

CHARLES ≋ verse [character speaks]

Now let us on, my lords, and join our powers,

And seek how we may prejudice the foe.

Now let us on, my lords, and join our powers, And seek how we may prejudice the foe.

now let us on, my lords, and join our powers, and seek how we may prejudice foe.

now let us on, my lords, and join our powers,

[_Exeunt._]

The Reckoning

This scene is Joan's masterpiece of manipulation. She doesn't fight Burgundy — she seduces him with language. The entire English position in France depends on Burgundy's loyalty, and Joan removes that pillar with words. Burgundy's capitulation is less about Joan's arguments than about his susceptibility to them — he's already wavering. What's devastating is that he knows he's being manipulated and yields anyway ('Either she hath bewitch'd me with her words, / Or nature makes me suddenly relent'). He chooses to be betrayed because the alternative — admitting his English alliance was wrong — is worse. Joan wins.

If this happened today…

A military alliance partner is wavering. The opposing side sends an envoy to appeal to patriotism, national pride, and shared culture. The envoy doesn't threaten — they appeal to the conscience. 'Your own people think you're a traitor for siding with foreign powers. Why are you fighting your own countrymen for profit?' The partner knows it's manipulation. They know they're being played. But they switch sides anyway because the emotional and political pressure is too great to resist.

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