’Tis strange, my Theseus, that these lovers speak of.
It is strange, my Theseus, that these lovers speak of such strange things. Yet their stories all match perfectly.
That's weird, Theseus. The lovers all tell the exact same crazy story. Don't you think that's weird?
their stories match all the same weird
More strange than true. I never may believe
These antique fables, nor these fairy toys.
Lovers and madmen have such seething brains,
Such shaping fantasies, that apprehend
More than cool reason ever comprehends.
The lunatic, the lover, and the poet
Are of imagination all compact:
One sees more devils than vast hell can hold;
That is the madman: the lover, all as frantic,
Sees Helen’s beauty in a brow of Egypt:
The poet’s eye, in a fine frenzy rolling,
Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven;
And as imagination bodies forth
The forms of things unknown, the poet’s pen
Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing
A local habitation and a name.
Such tricks hath strong imagination,
That if it would but apprehend some joy,
It comprehends some bringer of that joy.
Or in the night, imagining some fear,
How easy is a bush supposed a bear?
It's all the fancy of imagination. The poet, the lover, and the lunatic all have overactive minds. The poet gives to imaginary things a real place and name. The lover sees Helen in every face he meets. But these are all the products of imagination, not reality.
It's all in their heads. Poets, lovers, crazy people—they all see stuff that isn't there. A poet makes up things and gives 'em names. A lover sees his girl everywhere he looks. None of it's real.
all imagination poets lie lovers see what's not there not real
But all the story of the night told over,
And all their minds transfigur’d so together,
More witnesseth than fancy’s images,
And grows to something of great constancy;
But, howsoever, strange and admirable.
But all four lovers tell exactly the same story about the night. When so many people see the same thing independently, it becomes more than mere imagination. There's something constant in their account.
But all four of them say the exact same thing happened. That's more than just fantasy. That has to mean something.
all four say the same that's not fantasy that's real
Here come the lovers, full of joy and mirth.
Joy, gentle friends, joy and fresh days of love
Accompany your hearts!
Here come the lovers, happy and joyful. Come, my friends, let's begin the entertainment.
Here they come, all happy. Come on, everybody. Let's see what we got for entertainment.
here they come happy let's party
More than to us
Wait in your royal walks, your board, your bed!
[The lovers enter]
[They enter]
enter
Come now; what masques, what dances shall we have,
To wear away this long age of three hours
Between our after-supper and bed-time?
Where is our usual manager of mirth?
What revels are in hand? Is there no play
To ease the anguish of a torturing hour?
Call Philostrate.
So, what shows do we have? What dances and entertainments shall we see?
So what do we got? Dances? Acrobats? What's happening?
what's the show dances music
Here, mighty Theseus.
Here, my lord, is a list of the entertainments available.
My lord, here's what we got.
options
Say, what abridgment have you for this evening?
What masque? What music? How shall we beguile
The lazy time, if not with some delight?
[Philostrate hands over the list]
[Handing it over]
list
There is a brief how many sports are ripe.
Make choice of which your Highness will see first.
There are several entertainments ready to perform: a dance, a song, a comedy about the defeat of the Amazons, and a play.
We got a bunch of stuff. Dances, songs, a comedy about beating the Amazons, and a play.
dances songs comedy play
By an Athenian eunuch to the harp.’
We’ll none of that. That have I told my love
In glory of my kinsman Hercules.
‘The riot of the tipsy Bacchanals,
Tearing the Thracian singer in their rage?’
That is an old device, and it was play’d
When I from Thebes came last a conqueror.
‘The thrice three Muses mourning for the death
Of learning, late deceas’d in beggary.’
That is some satire, keen and critical,
Not sorting with a nuptial ceremony.
‘A tedious brief scene of young Pyramus
And his love Thisbe; very tragical mirth.’
Merry and tragical? Tedious and brief?
That is hot ice and wondrous strange snow.
How shall we find the concord of this discord?
There's a song by an Athenian singer with a harp.
There's a song. Some guy from Athens with a harp.
song harp
A play there is, my lord, some ten words long,
Which is as brief as I have known a play;
But by ten words, my lord, it is too long,
Which makes it tedious. For in all the play
There is not one word apt, one player fitted.
And tragical, my noble lord, it is.
For Pyramus therein doth kill himself,
Which, when I saw rehears’d, I must confess,
Made mine eyes water; but more merry tears
The passion of loud laughter never shed.
[Considering]
[Thinking]
thinking
What are they that do play it?
Who performs this?
Who does it?
who
Hard-handed men that work in Athens here,
Which never labour’d in their minds till now;
And now have toil’d their unbreath’d memories
With this same play against your nuptial.
Simple working men from Athens who labor with their hands. They're not professionals, but they're trying their best.
Regular guys. Workers from Athens. They're not actors, but they're gonna try.
regular guys workers trying hard
And we will hear it.
And we will hear it. Let them perform.
Yeah, let's see it. I wanna hear it.
let's see
No, my noble lord,
It is not for you: I have heard it over,
And it is nothing, nothing in the world;
Unless you can find sport in their intents,
Extremely stretch’d and conn’d with cruel pain
To do you service.
My lord, I wouldn't recommend it. They're earnest, but their performance will be rough.
My lord, fair warning: they're not great. But they're really trying.
warning not great but trying
I will hear that play;
For never anything can be amiss
When simpleness and duty tender it.
Go, bring them in: and take your places, ladies.
[Discussion continues]
[Talking]
talking
I love not to see wretchedness o’ercharged,
And duty in his service perishing.
I don't enjoy seeing people struggle with something beyond their abilities. It makes me uncomfortable.
I don't like watching people fail. It's painful.
don't like failure pain
Why, gentle sweet, you shall see no such thing.
You won't see that. These people are confident and they'll do well. Trust me.
Don't worry. They'll be fine. They know what they're doing.
they'll be fine trust me
He says they can do nothing in this kind.
He says they're not skilled at this sort of thing.
But he says they're not good at this.
not skilled
The kinder we, to give them thanks for nothing.
Our sport shall be to take what they mistake:
And what poor duty cannot do, noble respect
Takes it in might, not merit.
Where I have come, great clerks have purposed
To greet me with premeditated welcomes;
Where I have seen them shiver and look pale,
Make periods in the midst of sentences,
Throttle their practis’d accent in their fears,
And, in conclusion, dumbly have broke off,
Not paying me a welcome. Trust me, sweet,
Out of this silence yet I pick’d a welcome;
And in the modesty of fearful duty
I read as much as from the rattling tongue
Of saucy and audacious eloquence.
Love, therefore, and tongue-tied simplicity
In least speak most to my capacity.
[They continue discussing]
[More talk]
talking
So please your grace, the Prologue is address’d.
My lord, the prologue is ready to be performed.
My lord, they're ready.
ready
Let him approach.
Let the prologue approach.
Let 'em come up.
go
This fellow doth not stand upon points.
His speech was like a tangled chain with links broken. But the meaning comes through, even if the presentation is rough.
His speech was all messed up. But you could tell he meant well.
messed up but sincere
He hath rid his prologue like a rough colt; he knows not the stop. A
good moral, my lord: it is not enough to speak, but to speak true.
He rode through the prologue like an inexperienced horse breaker. He didn't know when to pause or where the proper stops are.
Yeah, he had no idea where to stop or when to breathe. Just kept going.
didn't know when to stop kept going
Indeed he hath played on this prologue like a child on a recorder; a
sound, but not in government.
He's treated this prologue like a child treats a broken recorder. Blowing through the whole thing without sense.
He just blew through it like a kid with a broken flute. No finesse.
blew through it no finesse
His speech was like a tangled chain; nothing impaired, but all
disordered. Who is next?
His presentation was confused and tangled, but you can understand the basic meaning. It's rough, but it works.
It was a mess, but you got the idea. It's bad but honest.
confusing but clear bad but honest
Pyramus and Thisbe is both the worst play in A Midsummer Night's Dream and one of its best scenes. The mechanicals' production fails by every theatrical standard: the Wall explains himself, the Lion introduces himself as Snug the joiner, Moonshine carries a lantern and identifies himself, Quince's prologue spoils the plot and says the opposite of its meaning, Bottom dies five times and offers entertainment options from his own corpse. And yet the audience — both the on-stage aristocrats and the off-stage theatre audience — is completely delighted. The scene works because the mechanicals' earnestness and commitment are genuine, and because Shakespeare has carefully made us care about them before they perform. Bottom, Quince, Flute, Snug, Snout, and Starveling are not just comic targets — they are people who worked hard and wanted to give pleasure. Theseus says it best: 'the best in this kind are but shadows, and the worst are no worse if imagination amend them.' The same faculty — imagination — that made the enchanted forest real, makes the terrible play wonderful.
I wonder if the lion be to speak.
Thisbe is dead! The lion has killed her! I am undone! My life is over!
She's dead! The lion killed her! I can't live without her! I'm killing myself!
she's dead lion killed her i'm done
No wonder, my lord. One lion may, when many asses do.
[Pyramus preparing to die]
[Dying]
dying
In this same interlude it doth befall
That I, one Snout by name, present a wall:
And such a wall as I would have you think
That had in it a crannied hole or chink,
Through which the lovers, Pyramus and Thisbe,
Did whisper often very secretly.
This loam, this rough-cast, and this stone, doth show
That I am that same wall; the truth is so:
And this the cranny is, right and sinister,
Through which the fearful lovers are to whisper.
Farewell, cruel world! I cannot live knowing Thisbe is gone! Take this sword and end my pain!
Goodbye, world! I can't live without her! Here goes nothing!
goodbye i can't live killing myself
Would you desire lime and hair to speak better?
[Pyramus dies dramatically]
[Dies]
dead
It is the wittiest partition that ever I heard discourse, my lord.
That's a pretty impressive death scene.
That was actually pretty good.
good death
Pyramus draws near the wall; silence.
[Thisbe returns]
[Thisbe back]
back
O grim-look’d night! O night with hue so black!
O night, which ever art when day is not!
O night, O night, alack, alack, alack,
I fear my Thisbe’s promise is forgot!
And thou, O wall, O sweet, O lovely wall,
That stand’st between her father’s ground and mine;
Thou wall, O wall, O sweet and lovely wall,
Show me thy chink, to blink through with mine eyne.
[Thisbe grieves]
[Grieving]
grief
The wall, methinks, being sensible, should curse again.
[Applause]
[Clapping]
clapping
No, in truth, sir, he should not. ‘Deceiving me’ is Thisbe’s cue: she
is to enter now, and I am to spy her through the wall. You shall see it
will fall pat as I told you. Yonder she comes.
I see a voice. I need to get to the crack to listen to Thisbe's face through it.
Wait, I gotta... the wall... the crack...
gotta move wall crack
O wall, full often hast thou heard my moans,
For parting my fair Pyramus and me.
My cherry lips have often kiss’d thy stones,
Thy stones with lime and hair knit up in thee.
The dead are waking. Pyramus is trying to move.
Wait, Pyramus is moving. He's not actually dead.
he's moving not dead
I see a voice; now will I to the chink,
To spy an I can hear my Thisbe’s face.
Thisbe?
[More activity]
[More]
more
The opening exchange between Theseus and Hippolyta in Act 5 is the play's philosophical debate in miniature. Theseus dismisses the lovers' account as the product of overheated imagination — he groups them with lunatics and poets. His speech is brilliant, well-argued, and wrong. Hippolyta's response is three sentences: she notes that all four lovers' stories agree, that the corroboration is 'more than fancy's images,' and that it 'grows to something of great constancy.' She is right. The evidence — four people independently reporting the same enchanted night — is exactly what distinguishes genuine experience from fantasy. Shakespeare gives the play's most rational character the wrong conclusion and its quietest character the correct observation. Hippolyta has been the observer throughout: she said little in Act 1, says little now, and what she says is consistently more accurate than those around her.
My love thou art, my love I think.
The lion has left! Thisbe, come back! Where are you?
The lion's gone! Thisbe! Come back!
lion gone where are you
Think what thou wilt, I am thy lover’s grace;
And like Limander am I trusty still.
[Bottom fully risen]
[Up]
up
And I like Helen, till the fates me kill.
Something's not right with this tragic scene. The actor is not staying dead.
That's funny. He's supposed to be dead but he keeps moving.
not staying dead funny
Not Shafalus to Procrus was so true.
[The lovers laugh]
[Laughing]
laugh
As Shafalus to Procrus, I to you.
The best actors are only shadows, and the worst ones are just as good if imagination helps them.
Even the best actors are just shadows on stage. If you use your imagination, the bad ones are just as good.
all shadows imagination helps we make it real
O kiss me through the hole of this vile wall.
[They leave the play area]
[Exit]
leaving
I kiss the wall’s hole, not your lips at all.
[The fairies enter]
[Fairies]
fairies
Wilt thou at Ninny’s tomb meet me straightway?
Now the fairies will bless this house with our magic.
Now we're gonna bless this place.
blessing magic
’Tide life, ’tide death, I come without delay.
[The fairies dance]
[Dancing]
dancing
Thus have I, Wall, my part discharged so;
And, being done, thus Wall away doth go.
May these lovers live in joy and harmony forever.
May they be happy forever.
happy forever
Now is the mural down between the two neighbours.
If we have offended, think of this as a dream...
If you didn't like it, pretend it was a dream...
dream forgive us
No remedy, my lord, when walls are so wilful to hear without warning.
[The lights fade]
[Fading]
fading
This is the silliest stuff that ever I heard.
All that you have seen tonight may have been no more than a vision of sleep.
Everything you just saw might not be real.
not real vision
The best in this kind are but shadows; and the worst are no worse, if
imagination amend them.
[Puck speaks to the audience]
[Speaking]
speaking
It must be your imagination then, and not theirs.
Give me your hands, if you have been pleased. Bid me farewell with applause.
Clap your hands if you had fun. Say goodbye.
clap applause
If we imagine no worse of them than they of themselves, they may pass
for excellent men. Here come two noble beasts in, a man and a lion.
[Puck exits]
[Exit]
exit
You, ladies, you, whose gentle hearts do fear
The smallest monstrous mouse that creeps on floor,
May now, perchance, both quake and tremble here,
When lion rough in wildest rage doth roar.
Then know that I, one Snug the joiner, am
A lion fell, nor else no lion’s dam;
For if I should as lion come in strife
Into this place, ’twere pity on my life.
[All exit]
[Exit]
exit
A very gentle beast, and of a good conscience.
[The play is complete]
[Done]
complete
The very best at a beast, my lord, that e’er I saw.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
This lion is a very fox for his valour.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
True; and a goose for his discretion.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Not so, my lord, for his valour cannot carry his discretion, and the
fox carries the goose.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
His discretion, I am sure, cannot carry his valour; for the goose
carries not the fox. It is well; leave it to his discretion, and let us
listen to the moon.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
This lanthorn doth the hornèd moon present.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
He should have worn the horns on his head.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
He is no crescent, and his horns are invisible within the
circumference.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
This lanthorn doth the hornèd moon present;
Myself the man i’ the moon do seem to be.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
This is the greatest error of all the rest; the man should be put into
the lantern. How is it else the man i’ the moon?
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
He dares not come there for the candle, for you see, it is already in
snuff.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
I am aweary of this moon. Would he would change!
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
It appears by his small light of discretion that he is in the wane; but
yet, in courtesy, in all reason, we must stay the time.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Proceed, Moon.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
All that I have to say, is to tell you that the lantern is the moon; I
the man i’ the moon; this thorn-bush my thorn-bush; and this dog my
dog.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Why, all these should be in the lantern, for all these are in the moon.
But silence; here comes Thisbe.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
This is old Ninny’s tomb. Where is my love?
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Oh!
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Well roared, Lion.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Well run, Thisbe.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Well shone, Moon. Truly, the moon shines with a good grace.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Well moused, Lion.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Puck's epilogue does something that no other Shakespearean epilogue quite does: it offers the audience a complete escape from anything that bothered them. 'Think but this and all is mended — that you have but slumbered here while these visions did appear.' If you were troubled by the threatened death sentence in Act 1; if you were uncomfortable with Oberon's manipulation of his wife; if Lysander's sudden hatred of Hermia disturbed you; if Demetrius's love for Helena seems manufactured — file it all as a dream. This is Puck's gift. The play has asked its audience to hold multiple uncomfortable truths alongside the comedy, and at the end it grants permission to release them all. 'This weak and idle theme, no more yielding but a dream.' The word 'weak' is quietly honest: the play knows its own cost. And then it asks for your hands if you're friends. After everything, that's the final gesture: friendship.
And then came Pyramus.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
And so the lion vanished.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Sweet Moon, I thank thee for thy sunny beams;
I thank thee, Moon, for shining now so bright;
For, by thy gracious golden, glittering gleams,
I trust to take of truest Thisbe sight.
But stay! O spite!
But mark, poor knight,
What dreadful dole is here!
Eyes, do you see?
How can it be?
O dainty duck! O dear!
Thy mantle good,
What, stained with blood?
Approach, ye Furies fell!
O Fates, come, come;
Cut thread and thrum;
Quail, rush, conclude, and quell!
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
This passion, and the death of a dear friend, would go near to make a
man look sad.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Beshrew my heart, but I pity the man.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
O wherefore, Nature, didst thou lions frame,
Since lion vile hath here deflower’d my dear?
Which is—no, no—which was the fairest dame
That liv’d, that lov’d, that lik’d, that look’d with cheer.
Come, tears, confound!
Out, sword, and wound
The pap of Pyramus;
Ay, that left pap,
Where heart doth hop:
Thus die I, thus, thus, thus.
Now am I dead,
Now am I fled;
My soul is in the sky.
Tongue, lose thy light!
Moon, take thy flight!
Now die, die, die, die, die.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
No die, but an ace, for him; for he is but one.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Less than an ace, man; for he is dead, he is nothing.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
With the help of a surgeon he might yet recover and prove an ass.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
How chance Moonshine is gone before Thisbe comes back and finds her
lover?
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
She will find him by starlight.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Methinks she should not use a long one for such a Pyramus. I hope she
will be brief.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
A mote will turn the balance, which Pyramus, which Thisbe, is the
better: he for a man, God warrant us; she for a woman, God bless us!
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
She hath spied him already with those sweet eyes.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
And thus she means, _videlicet_—
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Asleep, my love?
What, dead, my dove?
O Pyramus, arise,
Speak, speak. Quite dumb?
Dead, dead? A tomb
Must cover thy sweet eyes.
These lily lips,
This cherry nose,
These yellow cowslip cheeks,
Are gone, are gone!
Lovers, make moan;
His eyes were green as leeks.
O Sisters Three,
Come, come to me,
With hands as pale as milk;
Lay them in gore,
Since you have shore
With shears his thread of silk.
Tongue, not a word:
Come, trusty sword,
Come, blade, my breast imbrue;
And farewell, friends.
Thus Thisbe ends.
Adieu, adieu, adieu.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Moonshine and Lion are left to bury the dead.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Ay, and Wall too.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
No, I assure you; the wall is down that parted their fathers. Will it
please you to see the epilogue, or to hear a Bergomask dance between
two of our company?
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
No epilogue, I pray you; for your play needs no excuse. Never excuse;
for when the players are all dead there need none to be blamed. Marry,
if he that writ it had played Pyramus, and hanged himself in Thisbe’s
garter, it would have been a fine tragedy; and so it is, truly; and
very notably discharged. But come, your Bergomask; let your epilogue
alone.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Now the hungry lion roars,
And the wolf behowls the moon;
Whilst the heavy ploughman snores,
All with weary task fordone.
Now the wasted brands do glow,
Whilst the screech-owl, screeching loud,
Puts the wretch that lies in woe
In remembrance of a shroud.
Now it is the time of night
That the graves, all gaping wide,
Every one lets forth his sprite,
In the church-way paths to glide.
And we fairies, that do run
By the triple Hecate’s team
From the presence of the sun,
Following darkness like a dream,
Now are frolic; not a mouse
Shall disturb this hallow’d house.
I am sent with broom before,
To sweep the dust behind the door.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Through the house give glimmering light,
By the dead and drowsy fire.
Every elf and fairy sprite
Hop as light as bird from brier,
And this ditty after me,
Sing and dance it trippingly.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
First rehearse your song by rote,
To each word a warbling note;
Hand in hand, with fairy grace,
Will we sing, and bless this place.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
Now, until the break of day,
Through this house each fairy stray.
To the best bride-bed will we,
Which by us shall blessèd be;
And the issue there create
Ever shall be fortunate.
So shall all the couples three
Ever true in loving be;
And the blots of Nature’s hand
Shall not in their issue stand:
Never mole, hare-lip, nor scar,
Nor mark prodigious, such as are
Despised in nativity,
Shall upon their children be.
With this field-dew consecrate,
Every fairy take his gait,
And each several chamber bless,
Through this palace, with sweet peace;
And the owner of it blest.
Ever shall it in safety rest,
Trip away. Make no stay;
Meet me all by break of day.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
If we shadows have offended,
Think but this, and all is mended,
That you have but slumber’d here
While these visions did appear.
And this weak and idle theme,
No more yielding but a dream,
Gentles, do not reprehend.
If you pardon, we will mend.
And, as I am an honest Puck,
If we have unearnèd luck
Now to ’scape the serpent’s tongue,
We will make amends ere long;
Else the Puck a liar call.
So, good night unto you all.
Give me your hands, if we be friends,
And Robin shall restore amends.
[Scene ends]
[End]
end
The Reckoning
The grand finale, and the scene that earns everything that came before. Act 5 is essentially a performance of a bad play watched by good audiences — the mechanicals doing Pyramus and Thisbe while the nobles comment, and the whole structure reflecting back on what we have just watched ourselves. Theseus's speech on imagination is the play's philosophical manifesto — delivered by the most rational character as a skeptic's dismissal, but heard by the audience as a description of exactly what we have agreed to for the past two hours. The play-within-the-play is the play's comic climax: every flaw in the mechanicals' production (the talking Wall, the moonshine and lion explaining themselves, Bottom's death scene) is both terrible theater and wonderful theater simultaneously. And then the fairies come to bless the house, and Puck's epilogue sends us home with the dream.
If this happened today…
The wedding reception after the most chaotic engagement week in history. The entertainment is a community theater production performed by the caterers. The bride and groom find it charming; their guests make under-their-breath jokes the whole way through. The star performer dies spectacularly from a prop sword. Then the lights go off, the venue is blessed by people nobody saw, and the host apologizes to the audience in case the whole thing was actually a dream.